Merge 64fc2681ca into d55d1f423d

* temporary fix-up for 403 on download
* MWEB parameters from yt-dlp 2024-12-06

README.md

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo
 # DESCRIPTION
 **youtube-dl** is a command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on macOS. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like.
 
-    youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
+    youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URLS
 
 # OPTIONS
     -h, --help                           Print this help text and exit

test/test_jsinterp.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+# coding: utf-8
 
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 import math
 import re
 
-from youtube_dl.compat import compat_str
+from youtube_dl.compat import compat_str as str
 from youtube_dl.jsinterp import JS_Undefined, JSInterpreter
 
 NaN = object()
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ NaN = object()
 
 class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
     def _test(self, jsi_or_code, expected, func='f', args=()):
-        if isinstance(jsi_or_code, compat_str):
+        if isinstance(jsi_or_code, str):
             jsi_or_code = JSInterpreter(jsi_or_code)
         got = jsi_or_code.call_function(func, *args)
         if expected is NaN:
@@ -40,16 +41,27 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f(){return 42 + 7;}', 49)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 + undefined;}', NaN)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 + null;}', 42)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 + "";}', '1')
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 + "7";}', '427')
+        self._test('function f(){return false + true;}', 1)
+        self._test('function f(){return "false" + true;}', 'falsetrue')
+        self._test('function f(){return '
+                   '1 + "2" + [3,4] + {k: 56} + null + undefined + Infinity;}',
+                   '123,4[object Object]nullundefinedInfinity')
 
     def test_sub(self):
         self._test('function f(){return 42 - 7;}', 35)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 - undefined;}', NaN)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 - null;}', 42)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 - "7";}', 35)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 - "spam";}', NaN)
 
     def test_mul(self):
         self._test('function f(){return 42 * 7;}', 294)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 * undefined;}', NaN)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 * null;}', 0)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 * "7";}', 294)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 * "eggs";}', NaN)
 
     def test_div(self):
         jsi = JSInterpreter('function f(a, b){return a / b;}')
@@ -57,17 +69,26 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test(jsi, NaN, args=(JS_Undefined, 1))
         self._test(jsi, float('inf'), args=(2, 0))
         self._test(jsi, 0, args=(0, 3))
+        self._test(jsi, 6, args=(42, 7))
+        self._test(jsi, 0, args=(42, float('inf')))
+        self._test(jsi, 6, args=("42", 7))
+        self._test(jsi, NaN, args=("spam", 7))
 
     def test_mod(self):
         self._test('function f(){return 42 % 7;}', 0)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 % 0;}', NaN)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 % undefined;}', NaN)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 % "7";}', 0)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 % "beans";}', NaN)
 
     def test_exp(self):
         self._test('function f(){return 42 ** 2;}', 1764)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 ** undefined;}', NaN)
         self._test('function f(){return 42 ** null;}', 1)
+        self._test('function f(){return undefined ** 0;}', 1)
         self._test('function f(){return undefined ** 42;}', NaN)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 ** "2";}', 1764)
+        self._test('function f(){return 42 ** "spam";}', NaN)
 
     def test_calc(self):
         self._test('function f(a){return 2*a+1;}', 7, args=[3])
@@ -89,7 +110,35 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f(){return 19 & 21;}', 17)
         self._test('function f(){return 11 >> 2;}', 2)
         self._test('function f(){return []? 2+3: 4;}', 5)
+        # equality
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 == 1}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 == 1.0}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 == "1"}', True)
         self._test('function f(){return 1 == 2}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 != "1"}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 != 2}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){var x = {a: 1}; var y = x; return x == y}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){var x = {a: 1}; return x == {a: 1}}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return NaN == NaN}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return null == undefined}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return "spam, eggs" == "spam, eggs"}', True)
+        # strict equality
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === 1}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === 1.0}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === "1"}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === 2}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){var x = {a: 1}; var y = x; return x === y}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){var x = {a: 1}; return x === {a: 1}}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return NaN === NaN}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return null === undefined}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return null === null}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return undefined === undefined}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return "uninterned" === "uninterned"}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === 1}', True)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 === "1"}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 !== 1}', False)
+        self._test('function f(){return 1 !== "1"}', True)
+        # expressions
         self._test('function f(){return 0 && 1 || 2;}', 2)
         self._test('function f(){return 0 ?? 42;}', 0)
         self._test('function f(){return "life, the universe and everything" < 42;}', False)
@@ -111,7 +160,6 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f(){var x = 20; x += 30 + 1; return x;}', 51)
         self._test('function f(){var x = 20; x -= 30 + 1; return x;}', -11)
 
-    @unittest.skip('Not yet fully implemented')
     def test_comments(self):
         self._test('''
             function f() {
@@ -130,6 +178,15 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
             }
         ''', 3)
 
+        self._test('''
+            function f() {
+                var x = ( /* 1 + */ 2 +
+                          /* 30 * 40 */
+                          50);
+                return x;
+            }
+        ''', 52)
+
     def test_precedence(self):
         self._test('''
             function f() {
@@ -266,7 +323,20 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f() { return (l=[0,1,2,3], function(a, b){return a+b})((l[1], l[2]), l[3]) }', 5)
 
     def test_void(self):
-        self._test('function f() { return void 42; }', None)
+        self._test('function f() { return void 42; }', JS_Undefined)
+
+    def test_typeof(self):
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof undefined; }', 'undefined')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof NaN; }', 'number')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof Infinity; }', 'number')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof true; }', 'boolean')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof null; }', 'object')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof "a string"; }', 'string')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof 42; }', 'number')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof 42.42; }', 'number')
+        self._test('function f() { var g = function(){}; return typeof g; }', 'function')
+        self._test('function f() { return typeof {key: "value"}; }', 'object')
+        # not yet implemented: Symbol, BigInt
 
     def test_return_function(self):
         jsi = JSInterpreter('''
@@ -283,7 +353,7 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_undefined(self):
         self._test('function f() { return undefined === undefined; }', True)
         self._test('function f() { return undefined; }', JS_Undefined)
-        self._test('function f() {return undefined ?? 42; }', 42)
+        self._test('function f() { return undefined ?? 42; }', 42)
         self._test('function f() { let v; return v; }', JS_Undefined)
         self._test('function f() { let v; return v**0; }', 1)
         self._test('function f() { let v; return [v>42, v<=42, v&&42, 42&&v]; }',
@@ -324,6 +394,16 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f() { let a; return a?.qq; }', JS_Undefined)
         self._test('function f() { let a = {m1: 42, m2: 0 }; return a?.qq; }', JS_Undefined)
 
+    def test_indexing(self):
+        self._test('function f() { return [1, 2, 3, 4][3]}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { return [1, [2, [3, [4]]]][1][1][1][0]}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { var o = {1: 2, 3: 4}; return o[3]}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { var o = {1: 2, 3: 4}; return o["3"]}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { return [1, [2, {3: [4]}]][1][1]["3"][0]}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { return [1, 2, 3, 4].length}', 4)
+        self._test('function f() { var o = {1: 2, 3: 4}; return o.length}', JS_Undefined)
+        self._test('function f() { var o = {1: 2, 3: 4}; o["length"] = 42; return o.length}', 42)
+
     def test_regex(self):
         self._test('function f() { let a=/,,[/,913,/](,)}/; }', None)
 
@@ -411,6 +491,13 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
             self._test(jsi, 't-e-s-t', args=[test_input, '-'])
             self._test(jsi, '', args=[[], '-'])
 
+        self._test('function f(){return '
+                   '[1, 1.0, "abc", {a: 1}, null, undefined, Infinity, NaN].join()}',
+                   '1,1,abc,[object Object],,,Infinity,NaN')
+        self._test('function f(){return '
+                   '[1, 1.0, "abc", {a: 1}, null, undefined, Infinity, NaN].join("~")}',
+                   '1~1~abc~[object Object]~~~Infinity~NaN')
+
     def test_split(self):
         test_result = list('test')
         tests = [
@@ -424,6 +511,18 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
             self._test(jsi, test_result, args=['t-e-s-t', '-'])
             self._test(jsi, [''], args=['', '-'])
             self._test(jsi, [], args=['', ''])
+        # RegExp split
+        self._test('function f(){return "test".split(/(?:)/)}',
+                   ['t', 'e', 's', 't'])
+        self._test('function f(){return "t-e-s-t".split(/[es-]+/)}',
+                   ['t', 't'])
+        # from MDN: surrogate pairs aren't handled: case 1 fails
+        # self._test('function f(){return "😄😄".split(/(?:)/)}',
+        #            ['\ud83d', '\ude04', '\ud83d', '\ude04'])
+        # case 2 beats Py3.2: it gets the case 1 result
+        if sys.version_info >= (2, 6) and not ((3, 0) <= sys.version_info < (3, 3)):
+            self._test('function f(){return "😄😄".split(/(?:)/u)}',
+                       ['😄', '😄'])
 
     def test_slice(self):
         self._test('function f(){return [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].slice()}', [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
@@ -453,6 +552,40 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self._test('function f(){return "012345678".slice(-1, 1)}', '')
         self._test('function f(){return "012345678".slice(-3, -1)}', '67')
 
+    def test_pop(self):
+        # pop
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; return [a.pop(), a]}',
+                   [8, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]])
+        self._test('function f(){return [].pop()}', JS_Undefined)
+        # push
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2]; return [a.push(3, 4), a]}',
+                   [5, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]])
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2]; return [a.push(), a]}',
+                   [3, [0, 1, 2]])
+
+    def test_shift(self):
+        # shift
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; return [a.shift(), a]}',
+                   [0, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]])
+        self._test('function f(){return [].shift()}', JS_Undefined)
+        # unshift
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2]; return [a.unshift(3, 4), a]}',
+                   [5, [3, 4, 0, 1, 2]])
+        self._test('function f(){var a = [0, 1, 2]; return [a.unshift(), a]}',
+                   [3, [0, 1, 2]])
+
+    def test_forEach(self):
+        self._test('function f(){var ret = []; var l = [4, 2]; '
+                   'var log = function(e,i,a){ret.push([e,i,a]);}; '
+                   'l.forEach(log); '
+                   'return [ret.length, ret[0][0], ret[1][1], ret[0][2]]}',
+                   [2, 4, 1, [4, 2]])
+        self._test('function f(){var ret = []; var l = [4, 2]; '
+                   'var log = function(e,i,a){this.push([e,i,a]);}; '
+                   'l.forEach(log, ret); '
+                   'return [ret.length, ret[0][0], ret[1][1], ret[0][2]]}',
+                   [2, 4, 1, [4, 2]])
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

test/test_youtube_signature.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+# coding: utf-8
 
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import re
 import string
 
 from youtube_dl.compat import (
+    compat_contextlib_suppress,
     compat_open as open,
     compat_str,
     compat_urlretrieve,
@@ -50,23 +52,38 @@ _SIG_TESTS = [
     (
         'https://s.ytimg.com/yts/jsbin/html5player-en_US-vflBb0OQx.js',
         84,
-        '123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQ0STUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,@./:;<=>'
+        '123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQ0STUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,@./:;<=>',
     ),
     (
         'https://s.ytimg.com/yts/jsbin/html5player-en_US-vfl9FYC6l.js',
         83,
-        '123456789abcdefghijklmnopqr0tuvwxyzABCDETGHIJKLMNOPQRS>UVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=F'
+        '123456789abcdefghijklmnopqr0tuvwxyzABCDETGHIJKLMNOPQRS>UVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=F',
     ),
     (
         'https://s.ytimg.com/yts/jsbin/html5player-en_US-vflCGk6yw/html5player.js',
         '4646B5181C6C3020DF1D9C7FCFEA.AD80ABF70C39BD369CCCAE780AFBB98FA6B6CB42766249D9488C288',
-        '82C8849D94266724DC6B6AF89BBFA087EACCD963.B93C07FBA084ACAEFCF7C9D1FD0203C6C1815B6B'
+        '82C8849D94266724DC6B6AF89BBFA087EACCD963.B93C07FBA084ACAEFCF7C9D1FD0203C6C1815B6B',
     ),
     (
         'https://s.ytimg.com/yts/jsbin/html5player-en_US-vflKjOTVq/html5player.js',
         '312AA52209E3623129A412D56A40F11CB0AF14AE.3EE09501CB14E3BCDC3B2AE808BF3F1D14E7FBF12',
         '112AA5220913623229A412D56A40F11CB0AF14AE.3EE0950FCB14EEBCDC3B2AE808BF331D14E7FBF3',
-    )
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/6ed0d907/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
+        'AOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8j7v1pDL2QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0',
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/3bb1f723/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
+        'MyOSJXtKI3m-uME_jv7-pT12gOFC02RFkGoqWpzE0Cs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/2f1832d2/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
+        '0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xxAj7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJ2OySqa0q',
+    ),
 ]
 
 _NSIG_TESTS = [
@@ -142,6 +159,10 @@ _NSIG_TESTS = [
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/5a3b6271/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'B2j7f_UPT4rfje85Lu_e', 'm5DmNymaGQ5RdQ',
     ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/7a062b77/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'NRcE3y3mVtm_cV-W', 'VbsCYUATvqlt5w',
+    ),
     (
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/dac945fd/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'o8BkRxXhuYsBCWi6RplPdP', '3Lx32v_hmzTm6A',
@@ -154,6 +175,10 @@ _NSIG_TESTS = [
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/cfa9e7cb/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'qO0NiMtYQ7TeJnfFG2', 'k9cuJDHNS5O7kQ',
     ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/8c7583ff/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        '1wWCVpRR96eAmMI87L', 'KSkWAVv1ZQxC3A',
+    ),
     (
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/b7910ca8/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         '_hXMCwMt9qE310D', 'LoZMgkkofRMCZQ',
@@ -182,6 +207,18 @@ _NSIG_TESTS = [
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/b12cc44b/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'keLa5R2U00sR9SQK', 'N1OGyujjEwMnLw',
     ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/3bb1f723/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'gK15nzVyaXE9RsMP3z', 'ZFFWFLPWx9DEgQ',
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/f8f53e1a/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'VTQOUOv0mCIeJ7i8kZB', 'kcfD8wy0sNLyNQ',
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/2f1832d2/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'YWt1qdbe8SAfkoPHW5d', 'RrRjWQOJmBiP',
+    ),
 ]
 
 
@@ -216,11 +253,9 @@ class TestSignature(unittest.TestCase):
             os.mkdir(self.TESTDATA_DIR)
 
     def tearDown(self):
-        try:
+        with compat_contextlib_suppress(OSError):
             for f in os.listdir(self.TESTDATA_DIR):
                 os.remove(f)
-        except OSError:
-            pass
 
 
 def t_factory(name, sig_func, url_pattern):
@@ -254,11 +289,12 @@ def signature(jscode, sig_input):
 
 def n_sig(jscode, sig_input):
     funcname = YoutubeIE(FakeYDL())._extract_n_function_name(jscode)
-    return JSInterpreter(jscode).call_function(funcname, sig_input)
+    return JSInterpreter(jscode).call_function(
+        funcname, sig_input, _ytdl_do_not_return=sig_input)
 
 
 make_sig_test = t_factory(
-    'signature', signature, re.compile(r'.*-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player)?\.[a-z]+$'))
+    'signature', signature, re.compile(r'.*(?:-|/player/)(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/.+\.js|(?:/watch_as3|/html5player)?\.[a-z]+)$'))
 for test_spec in _SIG_TESTS:
     make_sig_test(*test_spec)
 

youtube_dl/extractor/common.py

@@ -3170,7 +3170,7 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
                     # See com/longtailvideo/jwplayer/media/RTMPMediaProvider.as
                     # of jwplayer.flash.swf
                     rtmp_url_parts = re.split(
-                        r'((?:mp4|mp3|flv):)', source_url, 1)
+                        r'((?:mp4|mp3|flv):)', source_url, maxsplit=1)
                     if len(rtmp_url_parts) == 3:
                         rtmp_url, prefix, play_path = rtmp_url_parts
                         a_format.update({

youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import collections
+import hashlib
 import itertools
 import json
 import os.path
 import random
 import re
+import time
 import traceback
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
@@ -290,6 +292,33 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
     _YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE = r'(?:var\s+meta|</script|\n)'
 
+    _SAPISID = None
+
+    def _generate_sapisidhash_header(self, origin='https://www.youtube.com'):
+        time_now = round(time.time())
+        if self._SAPISID is None:
+            yt_cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com')
+            # Sometimes SAPISID cookie isn't present but __Secure-3PAPISID is.
+            # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/393
+            sapisid_cookie = dict_get(
+                yt_cookies, ('__Secure-3PAPISID', 'SAPISID'))
+            if sapisid_cookie and sapisid_cookie.value:
+                self._SAPISID = sapisid_cookie.value
+                self.write_debug('Extracted SAPISID cookie')
+                # SAPISID cookie is required if not already present
+                if not yt_cookies.get('SAPISID'):
+                    self.write_debug('Copying __Secure-3PAPISID cookie to SAPISID cookie')
+                    self._set_cookie(
+                        '.youtube.com', 'SAPISID', self._SAPISID, secure=True, expire_time=time_now + 3600)
+            else:
+                self._SAPISID = False
+        if not self._SAPISID:
+            return None
+        # SAPISIDHASH algorithm from https://stackoverflow.com/a/32065323
+        sapisidhash = hashlib.sha1(
+            '{0} {1} {2}'.format(time_now, self._SAPISID, origin).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
+        return 'SAPISIDHASH {0}_{1}'.format(time_now, sapisidhash)
+
     def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None):
         data = self._DEFAULT_API_DATA.copy()
         data.update(query)
@@ -1579,20 +1608,27 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 
     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
+        # Examples where `sig` is funcname:
+        # sig=function(a){a=a.split(""); ... ;return a.join("")};
+        # ;c&&(c=sig(decodeURIComponent(c)),a.set(b,encodeURIComponent(c)));return a};
+        # {var l=f,m=h.sp,n=sig(decodeURIComponent(h.s));l.set(m,encodeURIComponent(n))}
+        # sig=function(J){J=J.split(""); ... ;return J.join("")};
+        # ;N&&(N=sig(decodeURIComponent(N)),J.set(R,encodeURIComponent(N)));return J};
+        # {var H=u,k=f.sp,v=sig(decodeURIComponent(f.s));H.set(k,encodeURIComponent(v))}
         funcname = self._search_regex(
-            (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+            (r'\b(?P<var>[\w$]+)&&\((?P=var)=(?P<sig>[\w$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\((?P=var)\)\)',
-             r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*(?P<arg>[\w$]+)\s*\)\s*{\s*(?P=arg)\s*=\s*(?P=arg)\.split\(\s*""\s*\)\s*;\s*[^}]+;\s*return\s+(?P=arg)\.join\(\s*""\s*\)',
-             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
+             r'(?:\b|[^\w$])(?P<sig>[\w$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)(?:;[\w$]{2}\.[\w$]{2}\(a,\d+\))?',
-             r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
+             # Old patterns
-             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)(?:;[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\))?',
+             r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
-             r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
+             r'\b[\w]+\s*&&\s*[\w]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
+             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[\w$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
              # Obsolete patterns
-             r'("|\')signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'("|\')signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
-             r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
-             r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
-             r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\(',
-             r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+             r'\bc\s*&&\s*[\w]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[\w$]+)\('),
-             r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
 
         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
@@ -1658,36 +1694,29 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
     def _extract_n_function_name(self, jscode):
         func_name, idx = self._search_regex(
-            # new: (b=String.fromCharCode(110),c=a.get(b))&&c=nfunc[idx](c)
+            # (y=NuD(),Mw(k),q=k.Z[y]||null)&&(q=narray[idx](q),k.set(y,q),k.V||NuD(''))}};
-            # or:  (b="nn"[+a.D],c=a.get(b))&&(c=nfunc[idx](c)
+            # (R="nn"[+J.Z],mW(J),N=J.K[R]||null)&&(N=narray[idx](N),J.set(R,N))}};
-            # or:  (PL(a),b=a.j.n||null)&&(b=nfunc[idx](b)
+            # or:  (b=String.fromCharCode(110),c=a.get(b))&&c=narray[idx](c)
+            # or:  (b="nn"[+a.D],c=a.get(b))&&(c=narray[idx](c)
+            # or:  (PL(a),b=a.j.n||null)&&(b=narray[idx](b)
             # or:  (b="nn"[+a.D],vL(a),c=a.j[b]||null)&&(c=narray[idx](c),a.set(b,c),narray.length||nfunc("")
-            # old: (b=a.get("n"))&&(b=nfunc[idx](b)(?P<c>[a-z])\s*=\s*[a-z]\s*
+            # old: (b=a.get("n"))&&(b=narray[idx](b)(?P<c>[a-z])\s*=\s*[a-z]\s*
             # older: (b=a.get("n"))&&(b=nfunc(b)
             r'''(?x)
-                \((?:[\w$()\s]+,)*?\s*      # (
+                # (expr, ...,
-                (?P<b>[a-z])\s*=\s*         # b=
+                \((?:(?:\s*[\w$]+\s*=)?(?:[\w$"+\.\s(\[]+(?:[)\]]\s*)?),)*
-                (?:
+                  # b=...
-                    (?:                     # expect ,c=a.get(b) (etc)
+                  (?P<b>[\w$]+)\s*=\s*(?!(?P=b)[^\w$])[\w$]+\s*(?:(?:
-                        String\s*\.\s*fromCharCode\s*\(\s*110\s*\)|
+                    \.\s*[\w$]+ |
-                        "n+"\[\s*\+?s*[\w$.]+\s*]
+                    \[\s*[\w$]+\s*\] |
-                    )\s*(?:,[\w$()\s]+(?=,))*|
+                    \.\s*get\s*\(\s*[\w$"]+\s*\)
-                       (?P<old>[\w$]+)      # a (old[er])
+                  )\s*){,2}(?:\s*\|\|\s*null(?=\s*\)))?\s*
-                   )\s*
+                \)\s*&&\s*\(        # ...)&&(
-                   (?(old)
+                # b = nfunc, b = narray[idx]
-                                            # b.get("n")
+                (?P=b)\s*=\s*(?P<nfunc>[\w$]+)\s*
-                       (?:\.\s*[\w$]+\s*|\[\s*[\w$]+\s*]\s*)*?
+                    (?:\[\s*(?P<idx>[\w$]+)\s*\]\s*)?
-                       (?:\.\s*n|\[\s*"n"\s*]|\.\s*get\s*\(\s*"n"\s*\))
+                    # (...)
-                       |                    # ,c=a.get(b)
+                    \(\s*[\w$]+\s*\)
-                       ,\s*(?P<c>[a-z])\s*=\s*[a-z]\s*
-                       (?:\.\s*[\w$]+\s*|\[\s*[\w$]+\s*]\s*)*?
-                       (?:\[\s*(?P=b)\s*]|\.\s*get\s*\(\s*(?P=b)\s*\))
-                   )
-                                            # interstitial junk
-                   \s*(?:\|\|\s*null\s*)?(?:\)\s*)?&&\s*(?:\(\s*)?
-               (?(c)(?P=c)|(?P=b))\s*=\s*   # [c|b]=
-                                            # nfunc|nfunc[idx]
-                   (?P<nfunc>[a-zA-Z_$][\w$]*)(?:\s*\[(?P<idx>\d+)\])?\s*\(\s*[\w$]+\s*\)
             ''', jscode, 'Initial JS player n function name', group=('nfunc', 'idx'),
             default=(None, None))
         # thx bashonly: yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/10611
@@ -1697,15 +1726,19 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 r'''(?xs)
                     (?:(?<=[^\w$])|^)       # instead of \b, which ignores $
                     (?P<name>(?!\d)[a-zA-Z\d_$]+)\s*=\s*function\((?!\d)[a-zA-Z\d_$]+\)
-                    \s*\{(?:(?!};).)+?["']enhanced_except_
+                    \s*\{(?:(?!};).)+?(?:
+                        ["']enhanced_except_ |
+                        return\s*(?P<q>"|')[a-zA-Z\d-]+_w8_(?P=q)\s*\+\s*[\w$]+
+                    )
                 ''', jscode, 'Initial JS player n function name', group='name')
         if not idx:
             return func_name
 
-        return self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
+        return self._search_json(
-            r'var\s+{0}\s*=\s*(\[.+?\])\s*[,;]'.format(re.escape(func_name)), jscode,
+            r'var\s+{0}\s*='.format(re.escape(func_name)), jscode,
-            'Initial JS player n function list ({0}.{1})'.format(func_name, idx)),
+            'Initial JS player n function list ({0}.{1})'.format(func_name, idx),
-            func_name, transform_source=js_to_json)[int(idx)]
+            func_name, contains_pattern=r'\[[\s\S]+\]', end_pattern='[,;]',
+            transform_source=js_to_json)[int(idx)]
 
     def _extract_n_function_code(self, video_id, player_url):
         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
@@ -1728,13 +1761,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
         def extract_nsig(s):
             try:
-                ret = func([s])
+                ret = func([s], kwargs={'_ytdl_do_not_return': s})
             except JSInterpreter.Exception:
                 raise
             except Exception as e:
                 raise JSInterpreter.Exception(traceback.format_exc(), cause=e)
 
-            if ret.startswith('enhanced_except_'):
+            if ret.startswith('enhanced_except_') or ret.endswith(s):
                 raise JSInterpreter.Exception('Signature function returned an exception')
             return ret
 
@@ -1910,9 +1943,50 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             player_response = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
                 webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE,
                 video_id, 'initial player response')
-        if not player_response:
+        if False and not player_response:
             player_response = self._call_api(
                 'player', {'videoId': video_id}, video_id)
+        if True or not player_response:
+            origin = 'https://www.youtube.com'
+            pb_context = {'html5Preference': 'HTML5_PREF_WANTS'}
+
+            player_url = self._extract_player_url(webpage)
+            ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage)
+            sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, ytcfg)
+            if sts:
+                pb_context['signatureTimestamp'] = sts
+
+            query = {
+                'playbackContext': {
+                    'contentPlaybackContext': pb_context,
+                    'contentCheckOk': True,
+                    'racyCheckOk': True,
+                },
+                'context': {
+                    'client': {
+                        'clientName': 'MWEB',
+                        'clientVersion': '2.20241202.07.00',
+                        'hl': 'en',
+                        'userAgent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 16_7_10 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/16.6 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1,gzip(gfe)',
+                        'timeZone': 'UTC',
+                        'utcOffsetMinutes': 0,
+                    },
+                },
+                'videoId': video_id,
+            }
+            headers = {
+                'X-YouTube-Client-Name': '2',
+                'X-YouTube-Client-Version': '2.20241202.07.00',
+                'Origin': origin,
+                'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate',
+                'User-Agent': query['context']['client']['userAgent'],
+            }
+            auth = self._generate_sapisidhash_header(origin)
+            if auth is not None:
+                headers['Authorization'] = auth
+                headers['X-Origin'] = origin
+
+            player_response = self._call_api('player', query, video_id, fatal=False, headers=headers)
 
         def is_agegated(playability):
             if not isinstance(playability, dict):
@@ -2219,12 +2293,12 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                         formats.append(f)
 
         playable_formats = [f for f in formats if not f.get('has_drm')]
-        if formats and not playable_formats:
+        if formats:
-            # If there are no formats that definitely don't have DRM, all have DRM
+            if not playable_formats:
-            self.report_drm(video_id)
+                # If there are no formats that definitely don't have DRM, all have DRM
-        formats[:] = playable_formats
+                self.report_drm(video_id)
-
+            formats[:] = playable_formats
-        if not formats:
+        else:
             if streaming_data.get('licenseInfos'):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)

youtube_dl/jsinterp.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# coding: utf-8
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import itertools
@@ -5,11 +6,12 @@ import json
 import operator
 import re
 
-from functools import update_wrapper
+from functools import update_wrapper, wraps
 
 from .utils import (
     error_to_compat_str,
     ExtractorError,
+    float_or_none,
     js_to_json,
     remove_quotes,
     unified_timestamp,
@@ -20,9 +22,11 @@ from .compat import (
     compat_basestring,
     compat_chr,
     compat_collections_chain_map as ChainMap,
+    compat_contextlib_suppress,
     compat_filter as filter,
     compat_itertools_zip_longest as zip_longest,
     compat_map as map,
+    compat_numeric_types,
     compat_str,
 )
 
@@ -62,6 +66,10 @@ _NaN = float('nan')
 _Infinity = float('inf')
 
 
+class JS_Undefined(object):
+    pass
+
+
 def _js_bit_op(op):
 
     def zeroise(x):
@@ -74,43 +82,114 @@ def _js_bit_op(op):
     return wrapped
 
 
-def _js_arith_op(op):
+def _js_arith_op(op, div=False):
 
     @wraps_op(op)
     def wrapped(a, b):
         if JS_Undefined in (a, b):
             return _NaN
-        return op(a or 0, b or 0)
+        # null, "" --> 0
+        a, b = (float_or_none(
+            (x.strip() if isinstance(x, compat_basestring) else x) or 0,
+            default=_NaN) for x in (a, b))
+        if _NaN in (a, b):
+            return _NaN
+        try:
+            return op(a, b)
+        except ZeroDivisionError:
+            return _NaN if not (div and (a or b)) else _Infinity
 
     return wrapped
 
 
-def _js_div(a, b):
+_js_arith_add = _js_arith_op(operator.add)
-    if JS_Undefined in (a, b) or not (a or b):
-        return _NaN
-    return operator.truediv(a or 0, b) if b else _Infinity
 
 
-def _js_mod(a, b):
+def _js_add(a, b):
-    if JS_Undefined in (a, b) or not b:
+    if not (isinstance(a, compat_basestring) or isinstance(b, compat_basestring)):
-        return _NaN
+        return _js_arith_add(a, b)
-    return (a or 0) % b
+    if not isinstance(a, compat_basestring):
+        a = _js_toString(a)
+    elif not isinstance(b, compat_basestring):
+        b = _js_toString(b)
+    return operator.concat(a, b)
+
+
+_js_mod = _js_arith_op(operator.mod)
+__js_exp = _js_arith_op(operator.pow)
 
 
 def _js_exp(a, b):
     if not b:
         return 1  # even 0 ** 0 !!
-    elif JS_Undefined in (a, b):
+    return __js_exp(a, b)
-        return _NaN
-    return (a or 0) ** b
 
 
-def _js_eq_op(op):
+def _js_to_primitive(v):
+    return (
+        ','.join(map(_js_toString, v)) if isinstance(v, list)
+        else '[object Object]' if isinstance(v, dict)
+        else compat_str(v) if not isinstance(v, (
+            compat_numeric_types, compat_basestring))
+        else v
+    )
+
+
+def _js_toString(v):
+    return (
+        'undefined' if v is JS_Undefined
+        else 'Infinity' if v == _Infinity
+        else 'NaN' if v is _NaN
+        else 'null' if v is None
+        # bool <= int: do this first
+        else ('false', 'true')[v] if isinstance(v, bool)
+        else '{0:.7f}'.format(v).rstrip('.0') if isinstance(v, compat_numeric_types)
+        else _js_to_primitive(v))
+
+
+_nullish = frozenset((None, JS_Undefined))
+
+
+def _js_eq(a, b):
+    # NaN != any
+    if _NaN in (a, b):
+        return False
+    # Object is Object
+    if isinstance(a, type(b)) and isinstance(b, (dict, list)):
+        return operator.is_(a, b)
+    # general case
+    if a == b:
+        return True
+    # null == undefined
+    a_b = set((a, b))
+    if a_b & _nullish:
+        return a_b <= _nullish
+    a, b = _js_to_primitive(a), _js_to_primitive(b)
+    if not isinstance(a, compat_basestring):
+        a, b = b, a
+    # Number to String: convert the string to a number
+    # Conversion failure results in ... false
+    if isinstance(a, compat_basestring):
+        return float_or_none(a) == b
+    return a == b
+
+
+def _js_neq(a, b):
+    return not _js_eq(a, b)
+
+
+def _js_id_op(op):
 
     @wraps_op(op)
     def wrapped(a, b):
-        if set((a, b)) <= set((None, JS_Undefined)):
+        if _NaN in (a, b):
-            return op(a, a)
+            return op(_NaN, None)
+        if not isinstance(a, (compat_basestring, compat_numeric_types)):
+            a, b = b, a
+        # strings are === if ==
+        # why 'a' is not 'a': https://stackoverflow.com/a/1504848
+        if isinstance(a, (compat_basestring, compat_numeric_types)):
+            return a == b if op(0, 0) else a != b
         return op(a, b)
 
     return wrapped
@@ -138,25 +217,57 @@ def _js_ternary(cndn, if_true=True, if_false=False):
     return if_true
 
 
+def _js_unary_op(op):
+
+    @wraps_op(op)
+    def wrapped(_, a):
+        return op(a)
+
+    return wrapped
+
+
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/typeof
+def _js_typeof(expr):
+    with compat_contextlib_suppress(TypeError, KeyError):
+        return {
+            JS_Undefined: 'undefined',
+            _NaN: 'number',
+            _Infinity: 'number',
+            True: 'boolean',
+            False: 'boolean',
+            None: 'object',
+        }[expr]
+    for t, n in (
+        (compat_basestring, 'string'),
+        (compat_numeric_types, 'number'),
+    ):
+        if isinstance(expr, t):
+            return n
+    if callable(expr):
+        return 'function'
+    # TODO: Symbol, BigInt
+    return 'object'
+
+
 # (op, definition) in order of binding priority, tightest first
 # avoid dict to maintain order
 # definition None => Defined in JSInterpreter._operator
 _OPERATORS = (
     ('>>', _js_bit_op(operator.rshift)),
     ('<<', _js_bit_op(operator.lshift)),
-    ('+', _js_arith_op(operator.add)),
+    ('+', _js_add),
     ('-', _js_arith_op(operator.sub)),
     ('*', _js_arith_op(operator.mul)),
     ('%', _js_mod),
-    ('/', _js_div),
+    ('/', _js_arith_op(operator.truediv, div=True)),
     ('**', _js_exp),
 )
 
 _COMP_OPERATORS = (
-    ('===', operator.is_),
+    ('===', _js_id_op(operator.is_)),
-    ('!==', operator.is_not),
+    ('!==', _js_id_op(operator.is_not)),
-    ('==', _js_eq_op(operator.eq)),
+    ('==', _js_eq),
-    ('!=', _js_eq_op(operator.ne)),
+    ('!=', _js_neq),
     ('<=', _js_comp_op(operator.le)),
     ('>=', _js_comp_op(operator.ge)),
     ('<', _js_comp_op(operator.lt)),
@@ -176,6 +287,11 @@ _SC_OPERATORS = (
     ('&&', None),
 )
 
+_UNARY_OPERATORS_X = (
+    ('void', _js_unary_op(lambda _: JS_Undefined)),
+    ('typeof', _js_unary_op(_js_typeof)),
+)
+
 _OPERATOR_RE = '|'.join(map(lambda x: re.escape(x[0]), _OPERATORS + _LOG_OPERATORS))
 
 _NAME_RE = r'[a-zA-Z_$][\w$]*'
@@ -183,10 +299,6 @@ _MATCHING_PARENS = dict(zip(*zip('()', '{}', '[]')))
 _QUOTES = '\'"/'
 
 
-class JS_Undefined(object):
-    pass
-
-
 class JS_Break(ExtractorError):
     def __init__(self):
         ExtractorError.__init__(self, 'Invalid break')
@@ -242,6 +354,7 @@ class Debugger(object):
 
     @classmethod
     def wrap_interpreter(cls, f):
+        @wraps(f)
         def interpret_statement(self, stmt, local_vars, allow_recursion, *args, **kwargs):
             if cls.ENABLED and stmt.strip():
                 cls.write(stmt, level=allow_recursion)
@@ -255,7 +368,7 @@ class Debugger(object):
                 raise
             if cls.ENABLED and stmt.strip():
                 if should_ret or repr(ret) != stmt:
-                    cls.write(['->', '=>'][should_ret], repr(ret), '<-|', stmt, level=allow_recursion)
+                    cls.write(['->', '=>'][bool(should_ret)], repr(ret), '<-|', stmt, level=allow_recursion)
             return ret, should_ret
         return interpret_statement
 
@@ -284,6 +397,9 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         RE_FLAGS = {
             # special knowledge: Python's re flags are bitmask values, current max 128
             # invent new bitmask values well above that for literal parsing
+            # JS 'u' flag is effectively always set (surrogate pairs aren't seen),
+            # but \u{...} and \p{...} escapes aren't handled); no additional JS 'v'
+            # features are supported
             # TODO: execute matches with these flags (remaining: d, y)
             'd': 1024,  # Generate indices for substring matches
             'g': 2048,  # Global search
@@ -291,6 +407,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             'm': re.M,  # Multi-line search
             's': re.S,  # Allows . to match newline characters
             'u': re.U,  # Treat a pattern as a sequence of unicode code points
+            'v': re.U,  # Like 'u' with extended character class and \p{} syntax
             'y': 4096,  # Perform a "sticky" search that matches starting at the current position in the target string
         }
 
@@ -347,6 +464,8 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
     def __op_chars(cls):
         op_chars = set(';,[')
         for op in cls._all_operators():
+            if op[0].isalpha():
+                continue
             op_chars.update(op[0])
         return op_chars
 
@@ -369,9 +488,18 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         skipping = 0
         if skip_delims:
             skip_delims = variadic(skip_delims)
+        skip_txt = None
         for idx, char in enumerate(expr):
+            if skip_txt and idx <= skip_txt[1]:
+                continue
             paren_delta = 0
             if not in_quote:
+                if char == '/' and expr[idx:idx + 2] == '/*':
+                    # skip a comment
+                    skip_txt = expr[idx:].find('*/', 2)
+                    skip_txt = [idx, idx + skip_txt + 1] if skip_txt >= 2 else None
+                    if skip_txt:
+                        continue
                 if char in _MATCHING_PARENS:
                     counters[_MATCHING_PARENS[char]] += 1
                     paren_delta = 1
@@ -404,12 +532,19 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             if pos < delim_len:
                 pos += 1
                 continue
-            yield expr[start: idx - delim_len]
+            if skip_txt and skip_txt[0] >= start and skip_txt[1] <= idx - delim_len:
+                yield expr[start:skip_txt[0]] + expr[skip_txt[1] + 1: idx - delim_len]
+            else:
+                yield expr[start: idx - delim_len]
+            skip_txt = None
             start, pos = idx + 1, 0
             splits += 1
             if max_split and splits >= max_split:
                 break
-        yield expr[start:]
+        if skip_txt and skip_txt[0] >= start:
+            yield expr[start:skip_txt[0]] + expr[skip_txt[1] + 1:]
+        else:
+            yield expr[start:]
 
     @classmethod
     def _separate_at_paren(cls, expr, delim=None):
@@ -425,7 +560,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         if not _cached:
             _cached.extend(itertools.chain(
                 # Ref: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Operator_Precedence
-                _SC_OPERATORS, _LOG_OPERATORS, _COMP_OPERATORS, _OPERATORS))
+                _SC_OPERATORS, _LOG_OPERATORS, _COMP_OPERATORS, _OPERATORS, _UNARY_OPERATORS_X))
         return _cached
 
     def _operator(self, op, left_val, right_expr, expr, local_vars, allow_recursion):
@@ -449,13 +584,14 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         except Exception as e:
             raise self.Exception('Failed to evaluate {left_val!r:.50} {op} {right_val!r:.50}'.format(**locals()), expr, cause=e)
 
-    def _index(self, obj, idx, allow_undefined=False):
+    def _index(self, obj, idx, allow_undefined=True):
-        if idx == 'length':
+        if idx == 'length' and isinstance(obj, list):
             return len(obj)
         try:
-            return obj[int(idx)] if isinstance(obj, list) else obj[idx]
+            return obj[int(idx)] if isinstance(obj, list) else obj[compat_str(idx)]
-        except Exception as e:
+        except (TypeError, KeyError, IndexError) as e:
             if allow_undefined:
+                # when is not allowed?
                 return JS_Undefined
             raise self.Exception('Cannot get index {idx!r:.100}'.format(**locals()), expr=repr(obj), cause=e)
 
@@ -467,7 +603,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
 
     # used below
     _VAR_RET_THROW_RE = re.compile(r'''(?x)
-        (?P<var>(?:var|const|let)\s)|return(?:\s+|(?=["'])|$)|(?P<throw>throw\s+)
+        (?:(?P<var>var|const|let)\s+|(?P<ret>return)(?:\s+|(?=["'])|$)|(?P<throw>throw)\s+)
         ''')
     _COMPOUND_RE = re.compile(r'''(?x)
         (?P<try>try)\s*\{|
@@ -479,6 +615,52 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
     _FINALLY_RE = re.compile(r'finally\s*\{')
     _SWITCH_RE = re.compile(r'switch\s*\(')
 
+    def handle_operators(self, expr, local_vars, allow_recursion):
+
+        for op, _ in self._all_operators():
+            # hackety: </> have higher priority than <</>>, but don't confuse them
+            skip_delim = (op + op) if op in '<>*?' else None
+            if op == '?':
+                skip_delim = (skip_delim, '?.')
+            separated = list(self._separate(expr, op, skip_delims=skip_delim))
+            if len(separated) < 2:
+                continue
+
+            right_expr = separated.pop()
+            # handle operators that are both unary and binary, minimal BODMAS
+            if op in ('+', '-'):
+                # simplify/adjust consecutive instances of these operators
+                undone = 0
+                separated = [s.strip() for s in separated]
+                while len(separated) > 1 and not separated[-1]:
+                    undone += 1
+                    separated.pop()
+                if op == '-' and undone % 2 != 0:
+                    right_expr = op + right_expr
+                elif op == '+':
+                    while len(separated) > 1 and set(separated[-1]) <= self.OP_CHARS:
+                        right_expr = separated.pop() + right_expr
+                    if separated[-1][-1:] in self.OP_CHARS:
+                        right_expr = separated.pop() + right_expr
+                # hanging op at end of left => unary + (strip) or - (push right)
+                left_val = separated[-1] if separated else ''
+                for dm_op in ('*', '%', '/', '**'):
+                    bodmas = tuple(self._separate(left_val, dm_op, skip_delims=skip_delim))
+                    if len(bodmas) > 1 and not bodmas[-1].strip():
+                        expr = op.join(separated) + op + right_expr
+                        if len(separated) > 1:
+                            separated.pop()
+                            right_expr = op.join((left_val, right_expr))
+                        else:
+                            separated = [op.join((left_val, right_expr))]
+                            right_expr = None
+                        break
+                if right_expr is None:
+                    continue
+
+            left_val = self.interpret_expression(op.join(separated), local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            return self._operator(op, left_val, right_expr, expr, local_vars, allow_recursion), True
+
     @Debugger.wrap_interpreter
     def interpret_statement(self, stmt, local_vars, allow_recursion=100):
         if allow_recursion < 0:
@@ -501,7 +683,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             expr = stmt[len(m.group(0)):].strip()
             if m.group('throw'):
                 raise JS_Throw(self.interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion))
-            should_return = not m.group('var')
+            should_return = 'return' if m.group('ret') else False
         if not expr:
             return None, should_return
 
@@ -533,9 +715,15 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             else:
                 raise self.Exception('Unsupported object {obj:.100}'.format(**locals()), expr=expr)
 
-        if expr.startswith('void '):
+        for op, _ in _UNARY_OPERATORS_X:
-            left = self.interpret_expression(expr[5:], local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            if not expr.startswith(op):
-            return None, should_return
+                continue
+            operand = expr[len(op):]
+            if not operand or operand[0] != ' ':
+                continue
+            op_result = self.handle_operators(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            if op_result:
+                return op_result[0], should_return
 
         if expr.startswith('{'):
             inner, outer = self._separate_at_paren(expr)
@@ -582,7 +770,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                 if_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr)
             else:
                 # may lose ... else ... because of ll.368-374
-                if_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr, delim=';')
+                if_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(' %s;' % (expr,), delim=';')
             else_expr = None
             m = re.match(r'else\s*(?P<block>\{)?', expr)
             if m:
@@ -720,7 +908,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             start, end = m.span()
             sign = m.group('pre_sign') or m.group('post_sign')
             ret = local_vars[var]
-            local_vars[var] += 1 if sign[0] == '+' else -1
+            local_vars[var] = _js_add(ret, 1 if sign[0] == '+' else -1)
             if m.group('pre_sign'):
                 ret = local_vars[var]
             expr = expr[:start] + self._dump(ret, local_vars) + expr[end:]
@@ -730,13 +918,13 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
 
         m = re.match(r'''(?x)
             (?P<assign>
-                (?P<out>{_NAME_RE})(?:\[(?P<index>[^\]]+?)\])?\s*
+                (?P<out>{_NAME_RE})(?:\[(?P<out_idx>(?:.+?\]\s*\[)*.+?)\])?\s*
                 (?P<op>{_OPERATOR_RE})?
                 =(?!=)(?P<expr>.*)$
             )|(?P<return>
                 (?!if|return|true|false|null|undefined|NaN|Infinity)(?P<name>{_NAME_RE})$
             )|(?P<indexing>
-                (?P<in>{_NAME_RE})\[(?P<idx>.+)\]$
+                (?P<in>{_NAME_RE})\[(?P<in_idx>(?:.+?\]\s*\[)*.+?)\]$
             )|(?P<attribute>
                 (?P<var>{_NAME_RE})(?:(?P<nullish>\?)?\.(?P<member>[^(]+)|\[(?P<member2>[^\]]+)\])\s*
             )|(?P<function>
@@ -746,19 +934,23 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         if md.get('assign'):
             left_val = local_vars.get(m.group('out'))
 
-            if not m.group('index'):
+            if not m.group('out_idx'):
                 local_vars[m.group('out')] = self._operator(
                     m.group('op'), left_val, m.group('expr'), expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
                 return local_vars[m.group('out')], should_return
             elif left_val in (None, JS_Undefined):
                 raise self.Exception('Cannot index undefined variable ' + m.group('out'), expr=expr)
 
-            idx = self.interpret_expression(m.group('index'), local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            indexes = re.split(r'\]\s*\[', m.group('out_idx'))
-            if not isinstance(idx, (int, float)):
+            for i, idx in enumerate(indexes, 1):
-                raise self.Exception('List index %s must be integer' % (idx, ), expr=expr)
+                idx = self.interpret_expression(idx, local_vars, allow_recursion)
-            idx = int(idx)
+                if i < len(indexes):
+                    left_val = self._index(left_val, idx)
+            if isinstance(idx, float):
+                idx = int(idx)
             left_val[idx] = self._operator(
-                m.group('op'), self._index(left_val, idx), m.group('expr'), expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
+                m.group('op'), self._index(left_val, idx) if m.group('op') else None,
+                m.group('expr'), expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
             return left_val[idx], should_return
 
         elif expr.isdigit():
@@ -776,63 +968,31 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             return _Infinity, should_return
 
         elif md.get('return'):
-            return local_vars[m.group('name')], should_return
+            ret = local_vars[m.group('name')]
+            # challenge may try to force returning the original value
+            # use an optional internal var to block this
+            if should_return == 'return':
+                if '_ytdl_do_not_return' not in local_vars:
+                    return ret, True
+                return (ret, True) if ret != local_vars['_ytdl_do_not_return'] else (ret, False)
+            else:
+                return ret, should_return
 
-        try:
+        with compat_contextlib_suppress(ValueError):
             ret = json.loads(js_to_json(expr))  # strict=True)
             if not md.get('attribute'):
                 return ret, should_return
-        except ValueError:
-            pass
 
         if md.get('indexing'):
             val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
-            idx = self.interpret_expression(m.group('idx'), local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            for idx in re.split(r'\]\s*\[', m.group('in_idx')):
-            return self._index(val, idx), should_return
+                idx = self.interpret_expression(idx, local_vars, allow_recursion)
+                val = self._index(val, idx)
+            return val, should_return
 
-        for op, _ in self._all_operators():
+        op_result = self.handle_operators(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
-            # hackety: </> have higher priority than <</>>, but don't confuse them
+        if op_result:
-            skip_delim = (op + op) if op in '<>*?' else None
+            return op_result[0], should_return
-            if op == '?':
-                skip_delim = (skip_delim, '?.')
-            separated = list(self._separate(expr, op, skip_delims=skip_delim))
-            if len(separated) < 2:
-                continue
-
-            right_expr = separated.pop()
-            # handle operators that are both unary and binary, minimal BODMAS
-            if op in ('+', '-'):
-                # simplify/adjust consecutive instances of these operators
-                undone = 0
-                separated = [s.strip() for s in separated]
-                while len(separated) > 1 and not separated[-1]:
-                    undone += 1
-                    separated.pop()
-                if op == '-' and undone % 2 != 0:
-                    right_expr = op + right_expr
-                elif op == '+':
-                    while len(separated) > 1 and set(separated[-1]) <= self.OP_CHARS:
-                        right_expr = separated.pop() + right_expr
-                    if separated[-1][-1:] in self.OP_CHARS:
-                        right_expr = separated.pop() + right_expr
-                # hanging op at end of left => unary + (strip) or - (push right)
-                left_val = separated[-1] if separated else ''
-                for dm_op in ('*', '%', '/', '**'):
-                    bodmas = tuple(self._separate(left_val, dm_op, skip_delims=skip_delim))
-                    if len(bodmas) > 1 and not bodmas[-1].strip():
-                        expr = op.join(separated) + op + right_expr
-                        if len(separated) > 1:
-                            separated.pop()
-                            right_expr = op.join((left_val, right_expr))
-                        else:
-                            separated = [op.join((left_val, right_expr))]
-                            right_expr = None
-                        break
-                if right_expr is None:
-                    continue
-
-            left_val = self.interpret_expression(op.join(separated), local_vars, allow_recursion)
-            return self._operator(op, left_val, right_expr, expr, local_vars, allow_recursion), should_return
 
         if md.get('attribute'):
             variable, member, nullish = m.group('var', 'member', 'nullish')
@@ -877,7 +1037,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
 
                 # Member access
                 if arg_str is None:
-                    return self._index(obj, member, nullish)
+                    return self._index(obj, member)
 
                 # Function call
                 argvals = [
@@ -904,7 +1064,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                 if obj is compat_str:
                     if member == 'fromCharCode':
                         assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
-                        return ''.join(map(compat_chr, argvals))
+                        return ''.join(compat_chr(int(n)) for n in argvals)
                     raise self.Exception('Unsupported string method ' + member, expr=expr)
                 elif obj is float:
                     if member == 'pow':
@@ -913,13 +1073,47 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                     raise self.Exception('Unsupported Math method ' + member, expr=expr)
 
                 if member == 'split':
-                    assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
+                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 2, 'takes at most two arguments')
-                    assertion(len(argvals) == 1, 'with limit argument is not implemented')
+                    if len(argvals) > 1:
-                    return obj.split(argvals[0]) if argvals[0] else list(obj)
+                        limit = argvals[1]
+                        assertion(isinstance(limit, int) and limit >= 0, 'integer limit >= 0')
+                        if limit == 0:
+                            return []
+                    else:
+                        limit = 0
+                    if len(argvals) == 0:
+                        argvals = [JS_Undefined]
+                    elif isinstance(argvals[0], self.JS_RegExp):
+                        # avoid re.split(), similar but not enough
+
+                        def where():
+                            for m in argvals[0].finditer(obj):
+                                yield m.span(0)
+                            yield (None, None)
+
+                        def splits(limit=limit):
+                            i = 0
+                            for j, jj in where():
+                                if j == jj == 0:
+                                    continue
+                                if j is None and i >= len(obj):
+                                    break
+                                yield obj[i:j]
+                                if jj is None or limit == 1:
+                                    break
+                                limit -= 1
+                                i = jj
+
+                        return list(splits())
+                    return (
+                        obj.split(argvals[0], limit - 1) if argvals[0] and argvals[0] != JS_Undefined
+                        else list(obj)[:limit or None])
                 elif member == 'join':
                     assertion(isinstance(obj, list), 'must be applied on a list')
-                    assertion(len(argvals) == 1, 'takes exactly one argument')
+                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 1, 'takes at most one argument')
-                    return argvals[0].join(obj)
+                    return (',' if len(argvals) == 0 else argvals[0]).join(
+                        ('' if x in (None, JS_Undefined) else _js_toString(x))
+                        for x in obj)
                 elif member == 'reverse':
                     assertion(not argvals, 'does not take any arguments')
                     obj.reverse()
@@ -941,37 +1135,31 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                     index, how_many = map(int, (argvals + [len(obj)])[:2])
                     if index < 0:
                         index += len(obj)
-                    add_items = argvals[2:]
+                    res = [obj.pop(index)
-                    res = []
+                           for _ in range(index, min(index + how_many, len(obj)))]
-                    for _ in range(index, min(index + how_many, len(obj))):
+                    obj[index:index] = argvals[2:]
-                        res.append(obj.pop(index))
-                    for i, item in enumerate(add_items):
-                        obj.insert(index + i, item)
                     return res
-                elif member == 'unshift':
+                elif member in ('shift', 'pop'):
-                    assertion(isinstance(obj, list), 'must be applied on a list')
-                    assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
-                    for item in reversed(argvals):
-                        obj.insert(0, item)
-                    return obj
-                elif member == 'pop':
                     assertion(isinstance(obj, list), 'must be applied on a list')
                     assertion(not argvals, 'does not take any arguments')
-                    if not obj:
+                    return obj.pop(0 if member == 'shift' else -1) if len(obj) > 0 else JS_Undefined
-                        return
+                elif member == 'unshift':
-                    return obj.pop()
+                    assertion(isinstance(obj, list), 'must be applied on a list')
+                    # not enforced: assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
+                    obj[0:0] = argvals
+                    return len(obj)
                 elif member == 'push':
-                    assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
+                    # not enforced: assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
                     obj.extend(argvals)
-                    return obj
+                    return len(obj)
                 elif member == 'forEach':
                     assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
-                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 2, 'takes at-most 2 arguments')
+                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 2, 'takes at most 2 arguments')
                     f, this = (argvals + [''])[:2]
                     return [f((item, idx, obj), {'this': this}, allow_recursion) for idx, item in enumerate(obj)]
                 elif member == 'indexOf':
                     assertion(argvals, 'takes one or more arguments')
-                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 2, 'takes at-most 2 arguments')
+                    assertion(len(argvals) <= 2, 'takes at most 2 arguments')
                     idx, start = (argvals + [0])[:2]
                     try:
                         return obj.index(idx, start)
@@ -980,7 +1168,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                 elif member == 'charCodeAt':
                     assertion(isinstance(obj, compat_str), 'must be applied on a string')
                     # assertion(len(argvals) == 1, 'takes exactly one argument') # but not enforced
-                    idx = argvals[0] if isinstance(argvals[0], int) else 0
+                    idx = argvals[0] if len(argvals) > 0 and isinstance(argvals[0], int) else 0
                     if idx >= len(obj):
                         return None
                     return ord(obj[idx])
@@ -1031,7 +1219,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
             yield self.interpret_expression(v, local_vars, allow_recursion)
 
     def extract_object(self, objname):
-        _FUNC_NAME_RE = r'''(?:[a-zA-Z$0-9]+|"[a-zA-Z$0-9]+"|'[a-zA-Z$0-9]+')'''
+        _FUNC_NAME_RE = r'''(?:{n}|"{n}"|'{n}')'''.format(n=_NAME_RE)
         obj = {}
         fields = next(filter(None, (
             obj_m.group('fields') for obj_m in re.finditer(
@@ -1090,6 +1278,7 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
 
     def extract_function_from_code(self, argnames, code, *global_stack):
         local_vars = {}
+
         while True:
             mobj = re.search(r'function\((?P<args>[^)]*)\)\s*{', code)
             if mobj is None:
@@ -1100,10 +1289,11 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
                 [x.strip() for x in mobj.group('args').split(',')],
                 body, local_vars, *global_stack))
             code = code[:start] + name + remaining
+
         return self.build_function(argnames, code, local_vars, *global_stack)
 
-    def call_function(self, funcname, *args):
+    def call_function(self, funcname, *args, **kw_global_vars):
-        return self.extract_function(funcname)(args)
+        return self.extract_function(funcname)(args, kw_global_vars)
 
     @classmethod
     def build_arglist(cls, arg_text):
@@ -1122,8 +1312,9 @@ class JSInterpreter(object):
         global_stack = list(global_stack) or [{}]
         argnames = tuple(argnames)
 
-        def resf(args, kwargs={}, allow_recursion=100):
+        def resf(args, kwargs=None, allow_recursion=100):
-            global_stack[0].update(zip_longest(argnames, args, fillvalue=None))
+            kwargs = kwargs or {}
+            global_stack[0].update(zip_longest(argnames, args, fillvalue=JS_Undefined))
             global_stack[0].update(kwargs)
             var_stack = LocalNameSpace(*global_stack)
             ret, should_abort = self.interpret_statement(code.replace('\n', ' '), var_stack, allow_recursion - 1)

youtube_dl/options.py

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def parseOpts(overrideArguments=None):
     kw = {
         'version': __version__,
         'formatter': fmt,
-        'usage': '%prog [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]',
+        'usage': '%prog [OPTIONS] URLS',
         'conflict_handler': 'resolve',
     }