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HTML
549 lines
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HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<title>Installation — phpMyAdmin 4.1.14.8 documentation</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
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FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
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HAS_SOURCE: true
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</script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
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<link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="copyright.html" />
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<link rel="top" title="phpMyAdmin 4.1.14.8 documentation" href="index.html" />
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<link rel="next" title="Configuration" href="config.html" />
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<link rel="prev" title="Requirements" href="require.html" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="related">
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<h3>Navigation</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
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<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
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accesskey="I">index</a></li>
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<li class="right" >
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<a href="config.html" title="Configuration"
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accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
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<li class="right" >
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<a href="require.html" title="Requirements"
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accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
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<li><a href="index.html">phpMyAdmin 4.1.14.8 documentation</a> »</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="document">
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<div class="documentwrapper">
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<div class="bodywrapper">
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<div class="body">
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<div class="section" id="installation">
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<span id="setup"></span><h1>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>phpMyAdmin does not apply any special security methods to the MySQL
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database server. It is still the system administrator’s job to grant
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permissions on the MySQL databases properly. phpMyAdmin’s <em class="guilabel">Users</em>
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page can be used for this.</p>
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<div class="admonition warning">
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<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
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<p class="last"><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><em class="xref std std-term">Mac</em></a> users should note that if you are on a version before
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<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac-os-x"><em class="xref std std-term">Mac OS X</em></a>, StuffIt unstuffs with <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><em class="xref std std-term">Mac</em></a> formats. So you’ll have
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to resave as in BBEdit to Unix style ALL phpMyAdmin scripts before
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uploading them to your server, as PHP seems not to like <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-mac"><em class="xref std std-term">Mac</em></a>-style
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end of lines character (“<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\r</span></tt>”).</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="linux-distributions">
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<h2>Linux distributions<a class="headerlink" href="#linux-distributions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>phpMyAdmin is included in most Linux distributions. It is recommended to use
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distribution packages when possible - they usually provide integration to your
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distribution and you will automatically get security updates from your distribution.</p>
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<div class="section" id="debian">
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<h3>Debian<a class="headerlink" href="#debian" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Debian’s package repositories include a phpMyAdmin package, but be aware that
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the configuration file is maintained in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpmyadmin</span></tt> and may differ in
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some ways from the official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="opensuse">
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<h3>OpenSUSE<a class="headerlink" href="#opensuse" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>OpenSUSE already comes with phpMyAdmin package, just install packages from
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the <a class="reference external" href="http://software.opensuse.org/package/phpMyAdmin">openSUSE Build Service</a>.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="ubuntu">
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<h3>Ubuntu<a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Ubuntu ships phpMyAdmin package, however if you want to use recent version, you
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can use packages from
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<a class="reference external" href="https://launchpad.net/~nijel/+archive/phpmyadmin">PPA for Michal Čihař</a>.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="gentoo">
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<h3>Gentoo<a class="headerlink" href="#gentoo" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Gentoo ships the phpMyAdmin package, both in a near stock configuration as well
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as in a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">webapp-config</span></tt> configuration. Use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">emerge</span> <span class="pre">dev-db/phpmyadmin</span></tt> to
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install.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="mandriva">
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<h3>Mandriva<a class="headerlink" href="#mandriva" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Mandriva ships the phpMyAdmin package in their <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">contrib</span></tt> branch and can be
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installed via the usual Control Center.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="fedora">
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<h3>Fedora<a class="headerlink" href="#fedora" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Fedora ships the phpMyAdmin package, but be aware that the configuration file
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is maintained in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpMyAdmin/</span></tt> and may differ in some ways from the
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official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="red-hat-enterprise-linux">
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<h3>Red Hat Enterprise Linux<a class="headerlink" href="#red-hat-enterprise-linux" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux itself and thus derivatives like CentOS don’t
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ship phpMyAdmin, but the Fedora-driven repository
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<a class="reference external" href="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL">Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL)</a>
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is doing so, if it’s
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<a class="reference external" href="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#howtouse">enabled</a>.
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But be aware that the configuration file is maintained in
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/phpMyAdmin/</span></tt> and may differ in some ways from the
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official phpMyAdmin documentation.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="installing-on-windows">
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<h2>Installing on Windows<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-on-windows" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The easiest way to get phpMyAdmin on Windows is using third party products
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which include phpMyAdmin together with a database and web server such as
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<a class="reference external" href="http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html">XAMPP</a>.</p>
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<p>You can find more of such options at <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMP_packages">Wikipedia</a>.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="quick-install">
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<span id="id1"></span><h2>Quick Install<a class="headerlink" href="#quick-install" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<ol class="arabic simple">
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<li>Choose an appropriate distribution kit from the phpmyadmin.net
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Downloads page. Some kits contain only the English messages, others
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contain all languages. We’ll assume you chose a kit whose name
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looks like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phpMyAdmin-x.x.x</span> <span class="pre">-all-languages.tar.gz</span></tt>.</li>
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<li>Untar or unzip the distribution (be sure to unzip the subdirectories):
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tar</span> <span class="pre">-xzvf</span> <span class="pre">phpMyAdmin_x.x.x-all-languages.tar.gz</span></tt> in your
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webserver’s document root. If you don’t have direct access to your
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document root, put the files in a directory on your local machine,
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and, after step 4, transfer the directory on your web server using,
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for example, ftp.</li>
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<li>Ensure that all the scripts have the appropriate owner (if PHP is
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running in safe mode, having some scripts with an owner different from
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the owner of other scripts will be a problem). See <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-2"><em>4.2 What’s the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access?</em></a> and
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<a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-26"><em>1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error “No input file specified” when trying to run phpMyAdmin.</em></a> for suggestions.</li>
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<li>Now you must configure your installation. There are two methods that
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can be used. Traditionally, users have hand-edited a copy of
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<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>, but now a wizard-style setup script is provided
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for those who prefer a graphical installation. Creating a
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<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> is still a quick way to get started and needed for
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some advanced features.</li>
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</ol>
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<div class="section" id="manually-creating-the-file">
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<h3>Manually creating the file<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-creating-the-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>To manually create the file, simply use your text editor to create the
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file <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> (you can copy <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.sample.inc.php</span></tt> to get
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minimal configuration file) in the main (top-level) phpMyAdmin
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directory (the one that contains <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">index.php</span></tt>). phpMyAdmin first
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loads <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">libraries/config.default.php</span></tt> and then overrides those values
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with anything found in <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>. If the default value is
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okay for a particular setting, there is no need to include it in
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<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>. You’ll need a few directives to get going, a
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simple configuration may look like this:</p>
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<div class="highlight-xml+php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'blowfish_secret'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'ba17c1ec07d65003'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// use here a value of your choice</span>
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<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'auth_type'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'cookie'</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="cp">?></span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Or, if you prefer to not be prompted every time you log in:</p>
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<div class="highlight-xml+php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nv">$i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'cbb74bc'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// use here your password</span>
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<span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'auth_type'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'config'</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="cp">?></span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>For a full explanation of possible configuration values, see the
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<a class="reference internal" href="config.html#config"><em>Configuration</em></a> of this document.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="using-setup-script">
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<span id="setup-script"></span><span id="index-0"></span><h3>Using Setup script<a class="headerlink" href="#using-setup-script" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>Instead of manually editing <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>, you can use the <a class="reference external" href="setup/">Setup
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Script</a>. First you must manually create a folder <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">config</span></tt>
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in the phpMyAdmin directory. This is a security measure. On a
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Linux/Unix system you can use the following commands:</p>
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<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nb">cd </span>phpMyAdmin
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mkdir config <span class="c"># create directory for saving</span>
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chmod o+rw config <span class="c"># give it world writable permissions</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>And to edit an existing configuration, copy it over first:</p>
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<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre>cp config.inc.php config/ <span class="c"># copy current configuration for editing</span>
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chmod o+w config/config.inc.php <span class="c"># give it world writable permissions</span>
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</pre></div>
|
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</div>
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<p>On other platforms, simply create the folder and ensure that your web
|
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|
server has read and write access to it. <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-26"><em>1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error “No input file specified” when trying to run phpMyAdmin.</em></a> can help with
|
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|
this.</p>
|
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|
<p>Next, open <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setup/</span></tt> in your browser. If you have an existing configuration,
|
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|
use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Load</span></tt> button to bring its content inside the setup panel.
|
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|
Note that <strong>changes are not saved to disk until explicitly choose ``Save``</strong>
|
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|
from the <em>Configuration</em> area of the screen. Normally the script saves the new
|
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|
<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">config/</span></tt> directory, but if the webserver does
|
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|
not have the proper permissions you may see the error “Cannot load or
|
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|
save configuration.” Ensure that the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">config/</span></tt> directory exists and
|
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|
has the proper permissions - or use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Download</span></tt> link to save the
|
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|
config file locally and upload it (via FTP or some similar means) to the
|
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|
proper location.</p>
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|
<p>Once the file has been saved, it must be moved out of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">config/</span></tt>
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|
directory and the permissions must be reset, again as a security
|
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|
measure:</p>
|
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|
<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre>mv config/config.inc.php . <span class="c"># move file to current directory</span>
|
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|
chmod o-rw config.inc.php <span class="c"># remove world read and write permissions</span>
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|
rm -rf config <span class="c"># remove not needed directory</span>
|
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|
</pre></div>
|
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|
</div>
|
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|
<p>Now the file is ready to be used. You can choose to review or edit the
|
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|
file with your favorite editor, if you prefer to set some advanced
|
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|
options which the setup script does not provide.</p>
|
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|
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
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|
<li>If you are using the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auth_type</span></tt> “config”, it is suggested that you
|
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|
protect the phpMyAdmin installation directory because using config
|
|||
|
does not require a user to enter a password to access the phpMyAdmin
|
|||
|
installation. Use of an alternate authentication method is
|
|||
|
recommended, for example with HTTP–AUTH in a <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><em class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</em></a> file or switch to using
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|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auth_type</span></tt> cookie or http. See the <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faqmultiuser"><em>ISPs, multi-user installations</em></a>
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|
for additional information, especially <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-4"><em>4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives “Access denied” when using HTTP authentication.</em></a>.</li>
|
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|
<li>Open the <a class="reference external" href="index.php">main phpMyAdmin directory</a> in your browser.
|
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|
phpMyAdmin should now display a welcome screen and your databases, or
|
|||
|
a login dialog if using <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a> or
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|
cookie authentication mode.</li>
|
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|
<li>You should deny access to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./libraries</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./setup/lib</span></tt>
|
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|
subfolders in your webserver configuration. For Apache you can use
|
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|
supplied <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><em class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</em></a> file in that folder, for other webservers, you should
|
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|
configure this yourself. Such configuration prevents from possible
|
|||
|
path exposure and cross side scripting vulnerabilities that might
|
|||
|
happen to be found in that code.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>It is generally good idea to protect public phpMyAdmin installation
|
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|
against access by robots as they usually can not do anything good
|
|||
|
there. You can do this using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file in root of your
|
|||
|
webserver or limit access by web server configuration, see
|
|||
|
<a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-42"><em>1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin?</em></a>.</li>
|
|||
|
</ol>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="phpmyadmin-configuration-storage">
|
|||
|
<span id="linked-tables"></span><span id="index-1"></span><h2>phpMyAdmin configuration storage<a class="headerlink" href="#phpmyadmin-configuration-storage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|||
|
<p>For a whole set of new features (bookmarks, comments, <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><em class="xref std std-term">SQL</em></a>-history,
|
|||
|
tracking mechanism, <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-pdf"><em class="xref std std-term">PDF</em></a>-generation, column contents transformation,
|
|||
|
etc.) you need to create a set of special tables. Those tables can be located
|
|||
|
in your own database, or in a central database for a multi-user installation
|
|||
|
(this database would then be accessed by the controluser, so no other user
|
|||
|
should have rights to it).</p>
|
|||
|
<p>Please look at your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./examples/</span></tt> directory, where you should find a
|
|||
|
file called <em>create_tables.sql</em>. (If you are using a Windows server,
|
|||
|
pay special attention to <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-23"><em>1.23 I’m running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase!</em></a>).</p>
|
|||
|
<p>If you already had this infrastructure and upgraded to MySQL 4.1.2 or
|
|||
|
newer, please use <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</span></tt>
|
|||
|
and then create new tables by importing
|
|||
|
<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/create_tables.sql</span></tt>.</p>
|
|||
|
<p>You can use your phpMyAdmin to create the tables for you. Please be
|
|||
|
aware that you may need special (administrator) privileges to create
|
|||
|
the database and tables, and that the script may need some tuning,
|
|||
|
depending on the database name.</p>
|
|||
|
<p>After having imported the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/create_tables.sql</span></tt> file, you
|
|||
|
should specify the table names in your <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> file. The
|
|||
|
directives used for that can be found in the <a class="reference internal" href="config.html#config"><em>Configuration</em></a>. You will also need to
|
|||
|
have a controluser with the proper rights to those tables (see section
|
|||
|
<a class="reference internal" href="#authentication-modes"><em>Using authentication modes</em></a> below).</p>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="upgrading-from-an-older-version">
|
|||
|
<span id="upgrading"></span><h2>Upgrading from an older version<a class="headerlink" href="#upgrading-from-an-older-version" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|||
|
<p>Simply copy <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> from your previous installation into
|
|||
|
the newly unpacked one. Configuration files from old versions may
|
|||
|
require some tweaking as some options have been changed or removed.
|
|||
|
For compatibility with PHP 6, remove a
|
|||
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_magic_quotes_runtime(0);</span></tt> statement that you might find near
|
|||
|
the end of your configuration file.</p>
|
|||
|
<p>You should <strong>not</strong> copy <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">libraries/config.default.php</span></tt> over
|
|||
|
<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt> because the default configuration file is version-
|
|||
|
specific.</p>
|
|||
|
<p>If you have upgraded your MySQL server from a version previous to 4.1.2 to
|
|||
|
version 5.x or newer and if you use the phpMyAdmin configuration storage, you
|
|||
|
should run the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><em class="xref std std-term">SQL</em></a> script found in
|
|||
|
<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</span></tt>.</p>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="using-authentication-modes">
|
|||
|
<span id="authentication-modes"></span><span id="index-2"></span><h2>Using authentication modes<a class="headerlink" href="#using-authentication-modes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|||
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a> and cookie authentication modes are recommended in a <strong>multi-user
|
|||
|
environment</strong> where you want to give users access to their own database and
|
|||
|
don’t want them to play around with others. Nevertheless be aware that MS
|
|||
|
Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least till version
|
|||
|
6. Even in a <strong>single-user environment</strong>, you might prefer to use <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a>
|
|||
|
or cookie mode so that your user/password pair are not in clear in the
|
|||
|
configuration file.</p>
|
|||
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a> and cookie authentication
|
|||
|
modes are more secure: the MySQL login information does not need to be
|
|||
|
set in the phpMyAdmin configuration file (except possibly for the
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controluser"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</span></tt></a>).
|
|||
|
However, keep in mind that the password travels in plain text, unless
|
|||
|
you are using the HTTPS protocol. In cookie mode, the password is
|
|||
|
stored, encrypted with the blowfish algorithm, in a temporary cookie.</p>
|
|||
|
<p>For ‘<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a>‘ and ‘cookie’ modes, phpMyAdmin needs a controluser that has
|
|||
|
<strong>only</strong> the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></tt> privilege on the <em>`mysql`.`user` (all columns except
|
|||
|
`Password`)</em>, <em>`mysql`.`db` (all columns)</em>, <em>`mysql`.`host` (all columns)</em> and
|
|||
|
<em>`mysql`.`tables_priv` (all columns except `Grantor` and `Timestamp`)</em> tables.
|
|||
|
You must specify the details for the controluser in the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>
|
|||
|
file under the <span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controluser"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</span></tt></a> and
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_controlpass"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</span></tt></a> settings. The following
|
|||
|
example assumes you want to use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pma</span></tt> as the controluser and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pmapass</span></tt> as
|
|||
|
the controlpass, but <strong>this is only an example: use something else in your
|
|||
|
file!</strong> Input these statements from the phpMyAdmin <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-sql"><em class="xref std std-term">SQL</em></a> Query window or
|
|||
|
mysql command–line client. Of course you have to replace <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">localhost</span></tt> with the
|
|||
|
webserver’s host if it’s not the same as the MySQL server’s one.</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="highlight-mysql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">USAGE</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">mysql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span> <span class="n">IDENTIFIED</span> <span class="k">BY</span> <span class="s1">'pmapass'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="p">(</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="n">Host</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Select_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Insert_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Update_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Delete_priv</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="n">Create_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Drop_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Reload_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Shutdown_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Process_priv</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="n">File_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Grant_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">References_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Index_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Alter_priv</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="n">Show_db_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Super_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Create_tmp_table_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Lock_tables_priv</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="n">Execute_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Repl_slave_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Repl_client_priv</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">mysql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">user</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">mysql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">db</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">mysql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">host</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Host</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Table_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Table_priv</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Column_priv</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|||
|
<span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">mysql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tables_priv</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
</pre></div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<p>If you want to use the many new relation and bookmark features:</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="highlight-mysql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">DELETE</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">pma_db</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'pma'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
</pre></div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<p>(this of course requires that your <a class="reference internal" href="#linked-tables"><em>phpMyAdmin configuration storage</em></a> be set up).</p>
|
|||
|
<p>Then each of the <em>true</em> users should be granted a set of privileges
|
|||
|
on a set of particular databases. Normally you shouldn’t give global
|
|||
|
privileges to an ordinary user, unless you understand the impact of those
|
|||
|
privileges (for example, you are creating a superuser).
|
|||
|
For example, to grant the user <em>real_user</em> with all privileges on
|
|||
|
the database <em>user_base</em>:</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="highlight-mysql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">GRANT</span> <span class="k">ALL</span> <span class="n">PRIVILEGES</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">user_base</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">TO</span> <span class="s1">'real_user'</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="n">localhost</span> <span class="n">IDENTIFIED</span> <span class="k">BY</span> <span class="s1">'real_password'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
</pre></div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<p>What the user may now do is controlled entirely by the MySQL user management
|
|||
|
system. With HTTP or cookie authentication mode, you don’t need to fill the
|
|||
|
user/password fields inside the <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers']</span></tt></a>.</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="http-authentication-mode">
|
|||
|
<span id="index-7"></span><h3>HTTP authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#http-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
<li>Uses <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a> Basic authentication
|
|||
|
method and allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>Is supported with most PHP configurations. For <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-iis"><em class="xref std std-term">IIS</em></a> (<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-isapi"><em class="xref std std-term">ISAPI</em></a>)
|
|||
|
support using <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-cgi"><em class="xref std std-term">CGI</em></a> PHP see <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-32"><em>1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS?</em></a>, for using with Apache
|
|||
|
<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-cgi"><em class="xref std std-term">CGI</em></a> see <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq1-35"><em>1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI?</em></a>.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>See also <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faq4-4"><em>4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives “Access denied” when using HTTP authentication.</em></a> about not using the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><em class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</em></a> mechanism along with
|
|||
|
‘<a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a>‘ authentication mode.</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="cookie-authentication-mode">
|
|||
|
<span id="cookie"></span><span id="index-8"></span><h3>Cookie authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#cookie-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
<li>You can use this method as a replacement for the <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-http"><em class="xref std std-term">HTTP</em></a> authentication
|
|||
|
(for example, if you’re running <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-iis"><em class="xref std std-term">IIS</em></a>).</li>
|
|||
|
<li>Obviously, the user must enable cookies in the browser, but this is
|
|||
|
now a requirement for all authentication modes.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>With this mode, the user can truly log out of phpMyAdmin and log in
|
|||
|
back with the same username.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>If you want to log in to arbitrary server see <span class="target" id="index-9"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_AllowArbitraryServer"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</span></tt></a> directive.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>As mentioned in the <a class="reference internal" href="require.html#require"><em>Requirements</em></a> section, having the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mcrypt</span></tt> extension will
|
|||
|
speed up access considerably, but is not required.</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="signon-authentication-mode">
|
|||
|
<span id="index-10"></span><h3>Signon authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#signon-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
<li>This mode is a convenient way of using credentials from another
|
|||
|
application to authenticate to phpMyAdmin.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>The other application has to store login information into session
|
|||
|
data.</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
|
|||
|
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
|
|||
|
<p class="last"><span class="target" id="index-11"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_auth_type"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type']</span></tt></a>,
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-12"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonSession"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonSession']</span></tt></a>,
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-13"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonScript"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonScript']</span></tt></a>,
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-14"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_SignonURL"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonURL']</span></tt></a></p>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="config-authentication-mode">
|
|||
|
<span id="index-15"></span><h3>Config authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#config-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
<li>This mode is the less secure one because it requires you to fill the
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-16"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_user"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</span></tt></a> and
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-17"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_password"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</span></tt></a>
|
|||
|
fields (and as a result, anyone who can read your <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>
|
|||
|
can discover your username and password). But you don’t need to setup
|
|||
|
a “controluser” here: using the <span class="target" id="index-18"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_only_db"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db']</span></tt></a> might be enough.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>In the <a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#faqmultiuser"><em>ISPs, multi-user installations</em></a> section, there is an entry explaining how
|
|||
|
to protect your configuration file.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>For additional security in this mode, you may wish to consider the
|
|||
|
Host authentication <span class="target" id="index-19"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_order"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</span></tt></a>
|
|||
|
and <span class="target" id="index-20"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</span></tt></a> configuration directives.</li>
|
|||
|
<li>Unlike cookie and http, does not require a user to log in when first
|
|||
|
loading the phpMyAdmin site. This is by design but could allow any
|
|||
|
user to access your installation. Use of some restriction method is
|
|||
|
suggested, perhaps a <a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html#term-htaccess"><em class="xref std std-term">.htaccess</em></a> file with the HTTP-AUTH directive or disallowing
|
|||
|
incoming HTTP requests at one’s router or firewall will suffice (both
|
|||
|
of which are beyond the scope of this manual but easily searchable
|
|||
|
with Google).</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="swekey-authentication-mode">
|
|||
|
<span id="swekey"></span><span id="index-21"></span><h3>Swekey authentication mode<a class="headerlink" href="#swekey-authentication-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<p>The Swekey is a low cost authentication USB key that can be used in
|
|||
|
web applications. When Swekey authentication is activated, phpMyAdmin
|
|||
|
requires the users’s Swekey to be plugged before entering the login
|
|||
|
page (currently supported for cookie authentication mode only). Swekey
|
|||
|
Authentication is disabled by default. To enable it, add the following
|
|||
|
line to <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">config.inc.php</span></tt>:</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$cfg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Servers'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'auth_swekey_config'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'/etc/swekey.conf'</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|||
|
</pre></div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<p>You then have to create the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">swekey.conf</span></tt> file that will associate
|
|||
|
each user with their Swekey Id. It is important to place this file
|
|||
|
outside of your web server’s document root (in the example, it is
|
|||
|
located in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc</span></tt>). A self documented sample file is provided in the
|
|||
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples</span></tt> directory. Feel free to use it with your own users’
|
|||
|
information. If you want to purchase a Swekey please visit
|
|||
|
<a class="reference external" href="http://phpmyadmin.net/auth_key">http://phpmyadmin.net/auth_key</a>
|
|||
|
since this link provides funding for phpMyAdmin.</p>
|
|||
|
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
|
|||
|
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
|
|||
|
<p class="last"><span class="target" id="index-22"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_auth_swekey_config"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_swekey_config']</span></tt></a></p>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="section" id="securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation">
|
|||
|
<h2>Securing your phpMyAdmin installation<a class="headerlink" href="#securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
|||
|
<p>The phpMyAdmin team tries hardly to make the application secure, however there
|
|||
|
are always ways to make your installation more secure:</p>
|
|||
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
<li>remove <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setup</span></tt> directory from phpMyAdmin, you will probably not
|
|||
|
use it after initial setup</li>
|
|||
|
<li>properly choose authentication method - <a class="reference internal" href="#cookie"><em>Cookie authentication mode</em></a>
|
|||
|
is probably the best choice for shared hosting</li>
|
|||
|
<li>in case you don’t want all MySQL users to be able to access
|
|||
|
phpMyAdmin, you can use <span class="target" id="index-23"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</span></tt></a> to limit them</li>
|
|||
|
<li>consider hiding phpMyAdmin behind authentication proxy, so that
|
|||
|
MySQL credentials are not all users need to login</li>
|
|||
|
<li>if you are afraid of automated attacks, enabling Captcha by
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-24"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_CaptchaLoginPublicKey"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['CaptchaLoginPublicKey']</span></tt></a> and
|
|||
|
<span class="target" id="index-25"></span><a class="reference internal" href="config.html#cfg_CaptchaLoginPrivateKey"><tt class="xref config config-option docutils literal"><span class="pre">$cfg['CaptchaLoginPrivateKey']</span></tt></a> might be an option.</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="sphinxsidebar">
|
|||
|
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
|
|||
|
<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
|
|||
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Installation</a><ul>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#linux-distributions">Linux distributions</a><ul>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debian">Debian</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#opensuse">OpenSUSE</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gentoo">Gentoo</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mandriva">Mandriva</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fedora">Fedora</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#red-hat-enterprise-linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-on-windows">Installing on Windows</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#quick-install">Quick Install</a><ul>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#manually-creating-the-file">Manually creating the file</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-setup-script">Using Setup script</a></li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#phpmyadmin-configuration-storage">phpMyAdmin configuration storage</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#upgrading-from-an-older-version">Upgrading from an older version</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-authentication-modes">Using authentication modes</a><ul>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#http-authentication-mode">HTTP authentication mode</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cookie-authentication-mode">Cookie authentication mode</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#signon-authentication-mode">Signon authentication mode</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#config-authentication-mode">Config authentication mode</a></li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#swekey-authentication-mode">Swekey authentication mode</a></li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</li>
|
|||
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#securing-your-phpmyadmin-installation">Securing your phpMyAdmin installation</a></li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
</li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
|
|||
|
<p class="topless"><a href="require.html"
|
|||
|
title="previous chapter">Requirements</a></p>
|
|||
|
<h4>Next topic</h4>
|
|||
|
<p class="topless"><a href="config.html"
|
|||
|
title="next chapter">Configuration</a></p>
|
|||
|
<h3>This Page</h3>
|
|||
|
<ul class="this-page-menu">
|
|||
|
<li><a href="_sources/setup.txt"
|
|||
|
rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
|
|||
|
<h3>Quick search</h3>
|
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<form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
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<input type="text" name="q" />
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<input type="submit" value="Go" />
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<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
|||
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<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
|||
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</form>
|
|||
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<p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%">
|
|||
|
Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
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</div>
|
|||
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<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
|
|||
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
|||
|
<div class="clearer"></div>
|
|||
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</div>
|
|||
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<div class="related">
|
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<h3>Navigation</h3>
|
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<ul>
|
|||
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<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
|
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<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
|
|||
|
>index</a></li>
|
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<li class="right" >
|
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<a href="config.html" title="Configuration"
|
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>next</a> |</li>
|
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<li class="right" >
|
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<a href="require.html" title="Requirements"
|
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>previous</a> |</li>
|
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<li><a href="index.html">phpMyAdmin 4.1.14.8 documentation</a> »</li>
|
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</ul>
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</div>
|
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<div class="footer">
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© <a href="copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2012 - 2014, The phpMyAdmin devel team.
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Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.1.3.
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